What are the specific challenges of managing thermal runaway in high-capacity battery packs, and what engineering solutions are most effective in mitigating these risks?
How do current cooling methods compare regarding efficiency, cost, and integration complexity within the battery pack?
What are the engineering trade-offs when designing a thermal management system that balances battery performance, vehicle range, and safety?
How do you assess the impact of temperature gradients within a battery pack on cell-to-cell performance consistency, and what strategies can be employed to minimize these gradients?
In the context of thermal management, how do you approach the integration of BMS to monitor and control the temperature of individual cells and the overall pack?